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Fimbristylis wayanadensis | New Sedge Species in Western Ghats | UPSC Environment & Biodiversity

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📘 ENGLISH CONTENT

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Researchers have discovered a new plant species named Fimbristylis wayanadensis in the high-altitude regions of the Western Ghats.

This plant belongs to the sedge family, which consists of grass-like plants typically characterized by triangular stems.

Habitat & Distribution

The species was identified in Wayanad district of Kerala.

It thrives in transitional zones between rocky terrains and high-altitude grasslands, at elevations up to 1,900 meters.

Such habitats are ecologically sensitive and rich in endemic biodiversity.

Key Features

  • Long leaves that are equal to or taller than the hairy stems
  • Produces fewer flower clusters (spikelets)
  • Spikelets are chestnut-brown instead of yellow
  • Seeds (nuts) are larger, smoother, with microscopic patterns

Significance

The discovery highlights the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO-recognized biodiversity hotspot.

It also emphasizes the importance of conservation of fragile ecosystems, especially high-altitude grasslands.

New species discovery contributes to scientific understanding of plant evolution, taxonomy, and ecosystem functioning.

📘 MCQs (ENGLISH)

Q1. Fimbristylis wayanadensis is a:

A. Tree

B. Shrub

C. Sedge

D. Moss

Answer: C

Q2. It is found in:

A. Himalayas

B. Western Ghats

C. Desert

D. Plains

Answer: B

Q3. Sedges have:

A. Round stems

B. Square stems

C. Triangular stems

D. Flat stems

Answer: C

Q4. Location of discovery:

A. Tamil Nadu

B. Karnataka

C. Kerala

D. Goa

Answer: C

Q5. It grows at altitude of:

A. 500 m

B. 1000 m

C. 1900 m

D. 3000 m

Answer: C

Q6. Habitat includes:

A. Ocean

B. Desert

C. Rocky grassland

D. Ice

Answer: C

Q7. Flower clusters are called:

A. Petals

B. Seeds

C. Spikelets

D. Roots

Answer: C

Q8. Colour of spikelets:

A. Yellow

B. Green

C. Chestnut brown

D. Red

Answer: C

Q9. It shows:

A. Low biodiversity

B. High biodiversity

C. No biodiversity

D. Artificial growth

Answer: B

Q10. Western Ghats is:

A. Desert

B. Forest only

C. Biodiversity hotspot

D. River

Answer: C

📘 हिंदी कंटेंट

हाल ही में Fimbristylis wayanadensis नामक नई पौध प्रजाति Western Ghats में खोजी गई।

यह एक sedge पौधा है, जिसमें त्रिकोणीय तना होता है।

आवास

यह केरल के वायनाड में पाया गया।

यह चट्टानी और घासभूमि के बीच के क्षेत्रों में उगता है।

यह 1900 मीटर ऊँचाई तक पाया जाता है।

विशेषताएँ

  • लंबे पत्ते
  • कम फूल समूह
  • भूरा रंग
  • बड़े बीज

महत्व

यह पश्चिमी घाट की जैव विविधता को दर्शाता है।

यह संरक्षण के महत्व को भी दर्शाता है।

📘 MCQs (हिंदी)

Q1. यह क्या है?

A. पेड़

B. झाड़ी

C. sedge

D. काई

उत्तर: C

Q2. यह कहाँ पाया गया?

A. हिमालय

B. Western Ghats

C. रेगिस्तान

D. मैदान

उत्तर: B

Q3. इसका तना कैसा होता है?

A. गोल

B. चौकोर

C. त्रिकोणीय

D. सपाट

उत्तर: C

Q4. यह किस राज्य में मिला?

A. तमिलनाडु

B. कर्नाटक

C. केरल

D. गोवा

उत्तर: C

Q5. यह कितनी ऊँचाई पर पाया गया?

A. 500

B. 1000

C. 1900

D. 3000

उत्तर: C

Q6. इसका आवास क्या है?

A. समुद्र

B. रेगिस्तान

C. चट्टानी घासभूमि

D. बर्फ

उत्तर: C

Q7. फूल को क्या कहते हैं?

A. पंखुड़ी

B. बीज

C. स्पाइकलेट

D. जड़

उत्तर: C

Q8. इसका रंग कैसा है?

A. पीला

B. हरा

C. भूरा

D. लाल

उत्तर: C

Q9. यह क्या दर्शाता है?

A. कम विविधता

B. अधिक विविधता

C. कोई नहीं

D. कृत्रिम

उत्तर: B

Q10. Western Ghats क्या है?

A. रेगिस्तान

B. जंगल

C. जैव विविधता हॉटस्पॉट

D. नदी

उत्तर: C

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