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Methanol Bunkering at Deendayal Port | Green Shipping Fuel | UPSC Science & Environment

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📘 ENGLISH CONTENT

The Deendayal Port Authority has enhanced its methanol bunkering capabilities, supporting India’s transition towards green shipping and alternative fuels.

About Methanol

Methanol (CH₃OH), also known as wood alcohol, is the simplest alcohol.

Production

  • Produced by steam reforming of natural gas
  • Generates synthesis gas (CO + H₂)
  • Passed through a catalyst reactor to produce methanol

Properties

  • Colorless, volatile liquid
  • Slightly sweet, pungent odor
  • Completely miscible with water
  • High-octane fuel
  • Burns cleaner than conventional fuels

Applications

  • Fuel for transport and shipping
  • Used in chemical industries
  • Solvent for paints and plastics
  • Removes water from automotive and aviation fuels

Benefits of Methanol

  • Alternative fuel to petrol and diesel
  • Low production cost
  • Cleaner combustion → lower emissions
  • Safer than gasoline (lower flammability risk)
  • Can be produced from:
  • Natural gas
  • Coal
  • Biomass

Significance

  • Supports green shipping corridors
  • Reduces carbon emissions in maritime sector
  • Enhances energy security
  • Aligns with global push for clean fuels and decarbonization

📘 MCQs (ENGLISH)

Q1. Methanol formula:

A. CH₄

B. CH₃OH

C. C₂H₅OH

D. CO₂

Answer: B

Q2. Methanol is also called:

A. Spirit

B. Wood alcohol

C. Diesel

D. Petrol

Answer: B

Q3. It is produced from:

A. Water

B. Natural gas

C. Oxygen

D. Nitrogen

Answer: B

Q4. It is:

A. Solid

B. Liquid

C. Gas

D. Plasma

Answer: B

Q5. It mixes with:

A. Oil

B. Water

C. Air

D. Sand

Answer: B

Q6. Methanol is used as:

A. Fertilizer

B. Fuel

C. Plastic

D. Metal

Answer: B

Q7. It is:

A. Polluting

B. Clean burning

C. Toxic gas

D. Radioactive

Answer: B

Q8. Advantage:

A. High cost

B. Low cost

C. No use

D. Heavy

Answer: B

Q9. Methanol improves:

A. Pollution

B. Energy security

C. Heat

D. Noise

Answer: B

Q10. Used in:

A. Shipping

B. Agriculture

C. Mining

D. Textile

Answer: A

📘 हिंदी कंटेंट

Methanol | UPSC Science & Environment

Deendayal Port Authority ने मेथेनॉल बंकरिंग को बढ़ावा दिया है।

मेथेनॉल क्या है?

  • CH₃OH
  • सबसे सरल अल्कोहल
  • वुड अल्कोहल

उत्पादन

  • प्राकृतिक गैस से
  • सिंगैस बनाकर

गुण

  • रंगहीन तरल
  • पानी में घुलनशील
  • साफ जलने वाला

उपयोग

  • ईंधन
  • रसायन
  • पेंट

लाभ

  • सस्ता
  • कम प्रदूषण
  • सुरक्षित
  • ऊर्जा सुरक्षा

महत्व

  • ग्रीन शिपिंग
  • कार्बन कम करना

📘 MCQs (हिंदी)

Q1. मेथेनॉल का सूत्र?

A. CH₄

B. CH₃OH

C. C₂H₅OH

D. CO₂

उत्तर: B

Q2. इसे क्या कहते हैं?

A. स्पिरिट

B. वुड अल्कोहल

C. डीजल

D. पेट्रोल

उत्तर: B

Q3. यह किससे बनता है?

A. पानी

B. गैस

C. ऑक्सीजन

D. नाइट्रोजन

उत्तर: B

Q4. यह क्या है?

A. ठोस

B. तरल

C. गैस

D. प्लाज्मा

उत्तर: B

Q5. यह किसमें घुलता है?

A. तेल

B. पानी

C. हवा

D. रेत

उत्तर: B

Q6. इसका उपयोग?

A. उर्वरक

B. ईंधन

C. धातु

D. प्लास्टिक

उत्तर: B

Q7. यह कैसा है?

A. प्रदूषण

B. साफ

C. जहरीला

D. रेडियो

उत्तर: B

Q8. लाभ क्या है?

A. महंगा

B. सस्ता

C. कोई नहीं

D. भारी

उत्तर: B

Q9. यह क्या बढ़ाता है?

A. प्रदूषण

B. ऊर्जा सुरक्षा

C. गर्मी

D. शोर

उत्तर: B

Q10. कहाँ उपयोग होता है?

A. शिपिंग

B. खेती

C. खनन

D. कपड़ा

उत्तर: A

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