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1 published article • Updated as new material is published
Government Approves Incentive Scheme to Increase Domestic PNG Connections
23 Aug 2026 • Domestic PNG Incentive Scheme

Government Approves Incentive Scheme to Increase Domestic PNG Connections
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Domestic PNG Incentive Scheme Question Bank

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Domestic PNG Incentive Scheme Questions 20

Domestic PNG Incentive Scheme Questions

20 questions found
Q1

Which one of the following best captures the central argument of the passage?

Answer
Protection against uncertainty is valuable, but because it changes incentives, institutions must balance meaningful risk-sharing with responsibility for avoidable harm while preserving socially beneficial risk-taking.Open full set →
Q2

Which one of the following most accurately explains the concept of moral hazard as discussed in the passage?

Answer
A situation in which protection against potential losses changes the incentives of the protected party, potentially influencing its subsequent behaviour.Open full set →
Q3

With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:
1. Moral hazard necessarily involves deliberate dishonesty or unethical intentions.
2. Insurance may encourage socially valuable experimentation by reducing the potentially catastrophic consequences of failure.
3. Information asymmetry can make it difficult for the party providing protection to monitor the behaviour of the protected party.
4. Eliminating all additional risk-taking after insurance is introduced is necessarily the most desirable policy objective.
Which of the statements given above are consistent with the passage?

Answer
2 and 3 onlyOpen full set →
Q4

A farmer who previously avoided experimenting with improved seeds purchases crop insurance. The farmer subsequently adopts a promising but uncertain agricultural technique. The experiment occasionally fails, but successful harvests generate substantial productivity gains. Which inference is most consistent with the author's reasoning?

Answer
The change in behaviour illustrates that protection can encourage socially valuable risk-taking, and the desirability of the arrangement depends on the benefits and costs of the resulting decisions.Open full set →
Q5

Which one of the following assumptions is most essential to the author's argument that expectations of government rescue may encourage excessive risk-taking by financial institutions?

Answer
The expectation of rescue can reduce the losses that decision-makers anticipate bearing if risky strategies fail, thereby influencing their choices before a crisis occurs.Open full set →
Q6

Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R):
Assertion (A): A government's announcement that it will never rescue a failing financial institution may not be sufficient to prevent excessive risk-taking.
Reason (R): Once a systemic crisis occurs, the government may find it necessary to intervene to protect depositors and other parties who did not create the original risk, making its earlier commitment difficult to enforce credibly.
Which one of the following is correct?

Answer
Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.Open full set →
Q7

Which one of the following best distinguishes moral hazard from adverse selection?

Answer
Moral hazard concerns changes in behaviour after protection or contractual arrangements alter incentives, whereas adverse selection concerns differences in pre-existing risk characteristics or information that influence participation in an arrangement.Open full set →
Q8

A public agency rewards hospitals exclusively according to the percentage of patients who recover successfully. Hospitals subsequently become reluctant to admit patients with severe conditions because such patients have a lower probability of recovery. Which principle from the passage does this example most directly illustrate?

Answer
Attempts to align incentives can produce undesirable behaviour when measured outcomes depend partly on factors outside the decision-maker's control.Open full set →
Q9

Which one of the following statements would the author be least likely to agree with?

Answer
The most effective way to eliminate moral hazard is to transfer every possible consequence of failure back to the individual decision-maker, regardless of the nature or magnitude of the risk.Open full set →
Q10

Which one of the following findings, if established through a rigorous comparative study, would most strongly support the author's overall argument?

Answer
Risk-sharing arrangements that combine meaningful protection with proportionate personal exposure, credible monitoring and safeguards against avoidable harm encourage productive investment while producing fewer socially costly risks than arrangements offering either unrestricted protection or excessively punitive liability.Open full set →
Q11

What does UDAN stand for?

उड़ान का पूर्ण रूप क्या है?
Answer
Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik / उड़े देश का आम नागरिकOpen full set →
Q12

In which year was UDAN introduced?

उड़ान योजना किस वर्ष शुरू की गई थी?
Answer
Q13

Which ministry announced the modified UDAN developments?

संशोधित उड़ान से संबंधित घोषणाएं किस मंत्रालय ने कीं?
Answer
Ministry of Civil Aviation / नागरिक उड्डयन मंत्रालयOpen full set →
Q14

On which date were the 21 MoUs announced?

21 समझौता ज्ञापनों की घोषणा किस तारीख को हुई?
Answer
22 September 2026 / 22 सितंबर 2026Open full set →
Q15

How many MoUs were signed for the next phase of UDAN?

उड़ान के अगले चरण के लिए कितने समझौता ज्ञापनों पर हस्ताक्षर हुए?
Answer
Q16

Who was the Union Civil Aviation Minister at the event?

कार्यक्रम में केंद्रीय नागरिक उड्डयन मंत्री कौन थे?
Answer
Kinjarapu Ram Mohan Naidu / किंजरापु राम मोहन नायडूOpen full set →
Q17

Who was the Minister of State for Civil Aviation mentioned?

लेख में नागरिक उड्डयन राज्य मंत्री किसे बताया गया है?
Answer
Murlidhar Mohol / मुरलीधर मोहोलOpen full set →
Q18

Where was the 22 September 2026 event held?

22 सितंबर 2026 का कार्यक्रम कहां आयोजित हुआ?
Answer
The Ashok, New Delhi / द अशोक, नई दिल्लीOpen full set →
Q19

Which portal was launched?

कौन-सा पोर्टल शुरू किया गया?
Answer
Challenge Mode Portal for Aerodrome Development / हवाई अड्डा विकास के लिए चुनौती आधारित चयन पोर्टलOpen full set →
Q20

What else was released alongside the portal launch?

पोर्टल के साथ और क्या जारी किया गया?
Answer
Document for the next UDAN route-bidding round / उड़ान मार्गों की अगली बोली प्रक्रिया का दस्तावेजOpen full set →
QUICK PRACTICE

Quick Practice for Domestic PNG Incentive Scheme

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Q1

Which one of the following best captures the central argument of the passage?

  1. Protective arrangements generally encourage irresponsible behaviour because individuals no longer bear the full consequences of their decisions.
  2. Moral hazard can be eliminated by ensuring that individuals and institutions bear all the financial consequences of their actions.
  3. Protection against uncertainty is valuable, but because it changes incentives, institutions must balance meaningful risk-sharing with responsibility for avoidable harm while preserving socially beneficial risk-taking.
  4. The principal purpose of insurance and public assistance should be to discourage risk-taking rather than compensate individuals for losses.
Check answer
Answer: Protection against uncertainty is valuable, but because it changes incentives, institutions must balance meaningful risk-sharing with responsibility for avoidable harm while preserving socially beneficial risk-taking.

The passage presents moral hazard as an incentive problem arising when protection changes the consequences individuals expect to bear. However, it also emphasizes that insurance, financial safeguards and public assistance enable valuable activities that might otherwise be avoided. The author's central argument is that institutions should preserve meaningful protection while discouraging excessive or avoidable risk-ta

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Q2

Which one of the following most accurately explains the concept of moral hazard as discussed in the passage?

  1. A situation in which individuals deliberately conceal their existing risk characteristics before entering an insurance contract.
  2. A situation in which protection against potential losses changes the incentives of the protected party, potentially influencing its subsequent behaviour.
  3. A situation in which insurers refuse protection to individuals whose activities involve unusually high risks.
  4. A situation in which individuals undertake risky activities because they systematically underestimate the probability of failure.
Check answer
Answer: A situation in which protection against potential losses changes the incentives of the protected party, potentially influencing its subsequent behaviour.

Moral hazard arises when the allocation of risk changes the incentives governing behaviour. An insured individual or protected institution may take different precautions because some consequences of failure are borne by another party. The passage specifically clarifies that moral hazard does not necessarily imply dishonesty or deliberate wrongdoing. Concealed pre-existing risk characteristics relate more closely to a

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Q3

With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:
1. Moral hazard necessarily involves deliberate dishonesty or unethical intentions.
2. Insurance may encourage socially valuable experimentation by reducing the potentially catastrophic consequences of failure.
3. Information asymmetry can make it difficult for the party providing protection to monitor the behaviour of the protected party.
4. Eliminating all additional risk-taking after insurance is introduced is necessarily the most desirable policy objective.
Which of the statements given above are consistent with the passage?

  1. 1 and 3 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1, 2 and 4 only
  4. 2, 3 and 4 only
Check answer
Answer: 2 and 3 only

Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Insurance can enable productive experimentation, such as farmers adopting improved seeds or entrepreneurs undertaking innovative projects. Information asymmetry can prevent insurers and lenders from perfectly observing subsequent behaviour. Statement 1 is incorrect because moral hazard describes changed incentives rather than necessarily dishonest conduct. Statement 4 is incorrect beca

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