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Railway Controller Tough English Unseen Passage – Set 12

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Sample Questions from Railway Controller Tough English Unseen Passage – Set 12

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Q1. What is the central argument of the passage?

A. Railway systems should maintain unlimited spare capacity.
B. Financial efficiency should always take priority over operational reliability.
C. Maximum utilisation of resources is the only reliable measure of railway efficiency.
D. Some apparently unused capacity may be necessary to make railway operations resilient to unexpected disturbances.

Q2. Why may a railway system operating permanently near maximum capacity become fragile?

A. It may have insufficient flexibility to absorb unexpected disturbances.
B. Maximum capacity automatically causes equipment failures.
C. Passengers generally avoid highly utilised railway systems.
D. Controllers cannot monitor trains when platforms are occupied.

Q3. According to the passage, how does resilience differ from efficiency?

A. Resilience eliminates the need for efficiency.
B. Efficiency seeks to reduce unused resources, while resilience requires flexibility to absorb disturbances.
C. Efficiency applies to railway operations, whereas resilience applies only to finance.
D. Resilience requires every available resource to be continuously occupied.

Q4. What does the example of the busy railway junction demonstrate?

A. Platforms should normally remain empty.
B. Technical faults occur mainly at busy junctions.
C. A highly utilised system may allow a small disturbance to spread into much larger delays.
D. Every train suffering a technical fault should immediately be cancelled.

Q5. The word "fragile" as used in the first paragraph most nearly means:

A. Financially profitable
B. Highly sophisticated
C. Capable of operating indefinitely
D. Easily disrupted or unable to withstand disturbances

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