Doctrine of Party Autonomy | पार्टी ऑटोनॉमी का सिद्धांत
Why in News? | चर्चा में क्यों?
The Supreme Court recently reiterated that party autonomy is a foundational principle of arbitration, but it is not absolute or unlimited.
Supreme Court ने हाल ही में दोहराया कि party autonomy arbitration का foundational principle है, लेकिन यह absolute या unlimited नहीं है।
What is Party Autonomy? | Party Autonomy क्या है?
Party autonomy means the freedom of disputing parties to determine important aspects of the arbitration process.
Party autonomy का अर्थ disputing parties की वह freedom है जिसके तहत वे arbitration process के महत्वपूर्ण aspects निर्धारित कर सकती हैं।
What Can Parties Decide? | Parties क्या तय कर सकती हैं?
- Applicable law / applicable law
- Place or seat of arbitration / arbitration का place या seat
- Procedure for arbitration / arbitration procedure
- Selection and appointment of arbitrators / arbitrators का selection और appointment
International Recognition | अंतरराष्ट्रीय मान्यता
The principle is recognised in major arbitration frameworks including the New York Convention, UNCITRAL Model Law, Indian Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 and ICC Arbitration Rules.
यह principle New York Convention, UNCITRAL Model Law, Indian Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 तथा ICC Arbitration Rules जैसे major frameworks में recognised है।
Limits on Party Autonomy | Party Autonomy की सीमाएँ
Party autonomy is subject to mandatory law, public policy and basic principles of fairness and equality.
Party autonomy mandatory law, public policy तथा fairness और equality के basic principles के अधीन होती है।
Both parties must have meaningful and substantially equal participation in the appointment of arbitrators.
arbitrators की appointment में दोनों parties की meaningful और substantially equal participation होनी चाहिए।
A system that gives one party disproportionate control over arbitrator appointment may undermine independence and impartiality.
ऐसी व्यवस्था जिसमें एक party को arbitrator appointment पर disproportionate control मिले, arbitrator की independence और impartiality को प्रभावित कर सकती है।
Indian Law | भारतीय कानून
Arbitration in India is governed primarily by the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
भारत में arbitration मुख्य रूप से Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 के तहत governed होती है।