Fundamental Rights practice question for Railways, SSC, UPSC. Review the correct answer and explanation, then continue with related practice below.
Which clause of Article 20 protects against punishment under an ex post facto criminal law according to the source?
Correct Answerसही उत्तर
A. Article 20(1)A. अनुच्छेद 20(1)
Explanationव्याख्या
According to the source, Article 20(1) provides that punishment for an offence is governed by the law applicable when the offence was committed.
This protection is commonly studied as protection against ex post facto criminal punishment.
The basic idea presented by the source is that a person cannot be subjected to a criminal penalty on the basis of a later law in the manner prohibited by Article 20(1).
The provision should be distinguished from the other clauses of Article 20.
Article 20(2) concerns being punished more than once for the same offence, while Article 20(3) concerns compelled self-incrimination.
Thus, the three clauses protect against different forms of criminal-law abuse.
For the protection connected with the law existing at the time of the offence, the correct answer is Article 20(1).
स्रोत के अनुसार अनुच्छेद 20(1) का संबंध इस सिद्धांत से है कि अपराध के लिए दंड उस समय लागू कानून के अनुरूप होगा जब अपराध किया गया था। इसे सामान्यतः पूर्वव्यापी दंडात्मक आपराधिक कानून से संरक्षण के रूप में पढ़ा जाता है। अनुच्छेद 20 के तीनों खंड अलग-अलग संरक्षण देते हैं। अनुच्छेद 20(1) अपराध और दंड के समय लागू कानून से संबंधित है; अनुच्छेद 20(2) एक ही अपराध के लिए दोबारा दंड से संरक्षण देता है; तथा अनुच्छेद 20(3) स्वयं के विरुद्ध गवाही देने के लिए बाध्य किए जाने से सुरक्षा प्रदान करता है। सही उत्तर—अनुच्छेद 20(1)।
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