Cloning / क्लोनिंग
The source describes cloning in biology as the process of producing populations of genetically identical individuals. Similar processes occur naturally when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.
Biology में genetically identical individuals की similar populations produce करने की process को Cloning कहा जाता है। Bacteria, insects तथा plants में asexual reproduction के दौरान similar natural processes हो सकती हैं।
Dolly – The Cloned Sheep / डॉली – क्लोन की गई भेड़
The source identifies Dolly the sheep as the first mammal clone and associates its development with Dr Ian Wilmut of the UK.
Source Dolly sheep को first mammal clone बताता है तथा इसे Dr Ian Wilmut, UK से associate करता है।
Important Exam Pair
Dolly → Sheep → First Mammal Clone → Dr Ian Wilmut
Bt Crops / बीटी फसलें
Bt crops are crop plants containing genes for Bt toxins. According to the source, the Bt toxin gene is cloned from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and expressed in plants to provide resistance against insects.
Bt crops में Bt toxin के genes present होते हैं। Source के अनुसार Bt toxin gene bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis से लिया जाता है और plants में express कराया जाता है जिससे insect resistance प्राप्त होती है।
Examples Given in Source / स्रोत में दिए उदाहरण
- Bt Cotton
- Bt Corn
- Golden Rice
The source refers to Bt cotton as the first GM crop in its list.
Seed Village Concept / बीज ग्राम अवधारणा
The source connects the Seed Village Concept with Dr Swaminathan and Jounti village of Delhi in 1965.
Source Seed Village Concept को Dr Swaminathan तथा Delhi के Jounti village, 1965 से associate करता है।
Main Objective / मुख्य उद्देश्य
The concept was designed to convert an entire village into a high-quality seed-producing centre.
इस concept का उद्देश्य entire village को high-quality seed producing centre में convert करना था।
The source further connects the concept with technical literacy and imparting modern skills to farmers for quality seed production and timely availability of seeds at affordable cost.
High-Yield Exam Facts / परीक्षा के महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य
- Dolly → First mammal clone
- Dolly → Dr Ian Wilmut
- Bt → Bacillus thuringiensis
- Bt crops → Insect resistance
- Seed Village Concept → Dr Swaminathan
- Jounti village → Delhi
- Year mentioned → 1965