Which Article of the Indian Constitution empowers the Supreme Court to review any judgment pronounced or order made by it?

Options / विकल्प

A. Article 141
B. Article 145
C. Article 137
D. Article 136

Correct Answer / सही उत्तर

✅ C. Article 137

Detailed Explanation / विस्तृत व्याख्या

Article 137 – Review Power of the Supreme Court

Hindi

अनुच्छेद 137 सर्वोच्च न्यायालय को अपने द्वारा दिए गए किसी भी निर्णय (Judgment) या आदेश (Order) की समीक्षा (Review) करने की शक्ति प्रदान करता है।

यह शक्ति न्यायालय को किसी स्पष्ट त्रुटि (Error Apparent on the Face of Record) को सुधारने तथा न्याय के हित में अपने निर्णय पर पुनर्विचार करने की अनुमति देती है।

English

Article 137 empowers the Supreme Court of India to review any judgment pronounced or order made by it.

This power enables the Court to reconsider its own decisions to correct apparent errors and prevent miscarriage of justice.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect?

Article 141

Hindi

सर्वोच्च न्यायालय द्वारा घोषित कानून पूरे भारत के सभी न्यायालयों पर बाध्यकारी होता है।

English

The law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts within the territory of India.

Not related to review power.

Article 145

Hindi

यह सर्वोच्च न्यायालय को अपनी प्रक्रिया और कार्यप्रणाली से संबंधित नियम बनाने की शक्ति देता है।

English

It empowers the Supreme Court to make rules regarding its practice and procedure.

Not the source of review jurisdiction.

Article 136

Hindi

विशेष अनुमति याचिका (Special Leave Petition - SLP) से संबंधित है।

English

Deals with Special Leave to Appeal against judgments of courts and tribunals.

It concerns appeals, not review of Supreme Court judgments.

Review Petition vs Curative Petition

Review Petition

• Filed under Article 137
• Heard by the same court
• Used to correct apparent errors

Curative Petition

• Developed through judicial interpretation
• Filed after dismissal of a review petition
• Intended to prevent gross miscarriage of justice

Important Cases

Rupa Ashok Hurra v. Ashok Hurra

• Introduced the concept of Curative Petition.
• Allowed reconsideration even after dismissal of a review petition in exceptional circumstances.

Important Articles Related to Supreme Court

Exam Point / परीक्षा हेतु महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य

✅ Article 137 = Review Jurisdiction of Supreme Court

✅ Article 136 = Special Leave Petition (SLP)

✅ Article 141 = Law declared by Supreme Court is binding

✅ Article 142 = Complete Justice

✅ Curative Petition concept came from the 2002 Rupa Ashok Hurra case

One-Liner

Article 137 empowers the Supreme Court to review its own judgments and orders.

अनुच्छेद 137 सर्वोच्च न्यायालय को अपने ही निर्णयों एवं आदेशों की समीक्षा करने की शक्ति प्रदान करता है।