Buddhism practice question for Railways, SSC, UPSC. Select an option to check your answer, read the explanation and continue practicing.
The Kushan-associated Fourth Buddhist Council, according to the commonly taught North Indian tradition, was held under the patronage of:
Correct Answerसही उत्तर
B. KanishkaB. कनिष्क
Explanationव्याख्या
The Fourth Buddhist Council commonly described in North Indian and Sarvastivada-related tradition is associated with the Kushan emperor Kanishka.
It is generally placed in Kashmir, although details vary among sources and Buddhist traditions.
Vasumitra is traditionally named as an important presiding figure, and the council is associated with the compilation or systematization of Sarvastivada Abhidharma commentarial material, especially the Mahavibhasha tradition.
A crucial examination nuance is that there is not one universally accepted 'Fourth Council' across all Buddhist traditions.
Theravada tradition recognizes a different fourth council associated with Sri Lanka and the writing down of the Pali Canon.
Therefore, when Indian GK books ask 'Fourth Buddhist Council—Kanishka', they are referring to the North Indian
Kushan-associated tradition.
Kanishka is also remembered as an important patron of Buddhism and for the wider cultural connections of the Kushan Empire.
भारतीय परीक्षाओं में सामान्यतः वर्णित चतुर्थ बौद्ध संगीति उत्तर भारतीय और सर्वास्तिवाद परंपरा से संबंधित है तथा इसे कुषाण सम्राट कनिष्क के संरक्षण में आयोजित माना जाता है। इसे सामान्यतः कश्मीर से जोड़ा जाता है, हालांकि विभिन्न स्रोतों में विवरण अलग हैं। वसुमित्र को इसका महत्वपूर्ण अध्यक्षीय व्यक्तित्व माना जाता है और इसे सर्वास्तिवाद अभिधर्म की व्याख्यात्मक परंपरा, विशेषकर महाविभाषा, से जोड़ा जाता है। महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य यह है कि सभी बौद्ध परंपराएँ एक ही घटना को 'चतुर्थ संगीति' नहीं मानतीं। थेरवाद परंपरा में श्रीलंका में पालि कैनन को लिखित रूप देने से संबंधित एक अलग चतुर्थ संगीति की परंपरा है। इसलिए परीक्षा में 'चतुर्थ संगीति—कनिष्क' का अर्थ उत्तर भारतीय कुषाणकालीन परंपरा होता है।
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