Vanadium | वैनाडियम
Why in News? | चर्चा में क्यों?
Vanadium came into focus after India's first megawatt-hour-scale Vanadium Redox Flow Battery system was inaugurated at NTPC's NETRA facility in Noida.
NTPC के Noida स्थित NETRA facility में India's first megawatt-hour-scale Vanadium Redox Flow Battery system के inauguration के कारण Vanadium चर्चा में आया।
What is Vanadium? | Vanadium क्या है?
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery-grey transition metal.
Vanadium एक chemical element है जिसका symbol V और atomic number 23 है। यह hard, silvery-grey transition metal है।
Physical Properties | भौतिक गुण
Vanadium is ductile and relatively resistant to corrosion by many alkalis and acids. Its ability to form strong alloys makes it important for industrial applications.
Vanadium ductile है और अनेक alkalis तथा acids के against comparatively good corrosion resistance रखता है। Strong alloys बनाने की क्षमता के कारण इसका industrial importance अधिक है।
Occurrence | उपलब्धता
Vanadium is not usually found as a free metal in nature. It occurs in dozens of minerals and can also be associated with certain iron ores, coal, petroleum residues and other geological materials.
Vanadium सामान्यतः nature में free metal के रूप में नहीं मिलता। यह अनेक minerals तथा कुछ iron ores, coal, petroleum residues और अन्य geological materials में associated form में पाया जाता है।
Important Minerals | प्रमुख खनिज
Vanadium-bearing minerals include vanadinite, carnotite, roscoelite and patronite.
Vanadium-bearing minerals में vanadinite, carnotite, roscoelite और patronite शामिल हैं।
Global Production | वैश्विक उत्पादन
China is the world's dominant producer of vanadium, with significant production also associated with Russia, South Africa and other countries. Therefore, vanadium is not mainly confined to India and the United States.
China vanadium का dominant global producer है और Russia, South Africa तथा अन्य countries में भी significant production होता है। इसलिए Vanadium मुख्य रूप से India और United States में ही पाया जाता है, यह statement सही नहीं है।
Use in Steel | स्टील में उपयोग
A major use of vanadium is as an alloying element in steel. Small quantities can substantially improve strength, toughness and wear resistance.
Vanadium का प्रमुख उपयोग steel में alloying element के रूप में होता है। इसकी छोटी मात्रा भी strength, toughness और wear resistance बढ़ा सकती है।
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery | वैनाडियम रेडॉक्स फ्लो बैटरी
A Vanadium Redox Flow Battery stores energy in liquid electrolytes containing vanadium ions in different oxidation states. Electrolytes are stored in external tanks and circulated through electrochemical cells.
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery में different oxidation states वाले vanadium ions containing liquid electrolytes में energy store की जाती है। Electrolytes external tanks में stored रहते हैं और electrochemical cells से circulate किए जाते हैं।
Advantages of VRFB | VRFB के लाभ
- Long cycle life / long cycle life
- Ability to repeatedly charge and discharge deeply / repeated deep charging-discharging
- Suitable for stationary grid storage / stationary grid storage के लिए useful
- Low risk of cross-contamination because both electrolytes use vanadium / both electrolytes में vanadium होने से cross-contamination risk कम
- Useful for renewable-energy integration / renewable-energy integration में उपयोगी
Chemical Industry | रासायनिक उद्योग
Vanadium compounds such as vanadium pentoxide are used as catalysts, including in industrial sulfuric-acid production.
Vanadium pentoxide जैसे vanadium compounds industrial sulfuric-acid production सहित विभिन्न chemical processes में catalysts के रूप में उपयोग किए जाते हैं।
Important Dates | महत्वपूर्ण तिथियाँ
- 1801: Andrés Manuel del Río first discovered the element in Mexico, although the discovery was not immediately accepted. / Andrés Manuel del Río ने element की पहचान की।
- 1830: Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element and named it vanadium. / Nils Gabriel Sefström ने इसे rediscover करके vanadium नाम दिया।
- 2025: India's first MWh-scale Vanadium Redox Flow Battery at NTPC NETRA brought the technology into national focus. / NTPC NETRA में MWh-scale VRFB के कारण technology national focus में आई।
