Vitorr Classes
Vitorr Classes
Learn • Practice • Improve
HomeChemistryArticle
Chemistry

Chemistry – Periodic Table Complete Notes + Trends, Blocks, Properties & MCQs (SSC, Railway, UPSC 2026)

See more Vitorr Classes updates on Google Add Vitorr Classes as a Preferred Source for more of our fresh articles in eligible Google surfaces.
🔊
Listen to this article Uses a voice available on your device. English and Hindi are detected automatically.
Ready to listen 0 / 0

📖 1. Introduction (परिचय)

Hindi:

आवर्त सारणी (Periodic Table) रसायन विज्ञान का आधार है, जिसमें सभी तत्वों को उनके गुणों के अनुसार व्यवस्थित किया गया है।

English:

The periodic table is the foundation of chemistry, where elements are arranged based on their properties.

🧠 2. What is Periodic Table? (आवर्त सारणी क्या है?)

Hindi:

तत्वों को उनके परमाणु संख्या के बढ़ते क्रम में व्यवस्थित करना आवर्त सारणी कहलाता है।

English:

Arrangement of elements in increasing order of atomic number is called the periodic table.

👨‍🔬 3. Dmitri Mendeleev

Hindi:

  • आधुनिक आवर्त सारणी के जनक
  • तत्वों को गुणों के आधार पर व्यवस्थित किया

English:

  • Father of periodic table
  • Arranged elements based on properties

📊 4. Structure of Periodic Table (संरचना)

🔹 Groups (समूह)

  • Vertical columns
  • Total = 18

🔹 Periods (आवर्त)

  • Horizontal rows
  • Total = 7

🧱 5. Blocks of Periodic Table

BlockElementss-blockGroup 1–2p-blockGroup 13–18d-blockTransition metalsf-blockInner transition

⚡ 6. Important Trends (गुणधर्म)

🔹 Atomic Size (परमाणु आकार)

Hindi:

  • Group में नीचे → बढ़ता है
  • Period में → घटता है

English:

  • Down group → increases
  • Across period → decreases

🔹 Electronegativity

Hindi:

  • Group में घटती है
  • Period में बढ़ती है

English:

  • Down group → decreases
  • Across period → increases

🔹 Ionization Energy

Hindi:

  • Group में घटती है
  • Period में बढ़ती है

English:

  • Down group → decreases
  • Across period → increases

🔬 7. Types of Elements

🔹 Metals (धातु)

  • Good conductors
  • Lose electrons

🔹 Non-metals (अधातु)

  • Poor conductors
  • Gain electrons

🔹 Metalloids

  • Properties of both

🧠 8. Important Groups

🔹 Group 1 (Alkali Metals)

  • Highly reactive

🔹 Group 17 (Halogens)

  • Very reactive

🔹 Group 18 (Noble Gases)

  • Inert gases

🎯 9. Exam-Oriented Facts

  • Periodic table = 18 groups
  • Noble gases = stable
  • Metals left side
  • Non-metals right side

🧪 10. MCQs Practice

Q1. आवर्त सारणी में कितने समूह होते हैं?

A. 7

B. 18 ✅

C. 10

D. 12

Q2. Mendeleev किससे जुड़े हैं?

A. Physics

B. Biology

C. Periodic table ✅

D. Math

Q3. Atomic size period में कैसा बदलता है?

A. Increase

B. Decrease ✅

C. Same

D. Random

Q4. Noble gases किस group में हैं?

A. 1

B. 17

C. 18 ✅

D. 2

Q5. Metals क्या करते हैं?

A. Gain electrons

B. Lose electrons ✅

C. Neutral

D. None

📌 11. Previous Year Trends

Hindi:

SSC/Railway में पूछा जाता है:

  • Groups
  • Trends
  • Metals vs non-metals

English:

Frequently asked:

  • Groups
  • Trends
  • Properties

🔚 12. Conclusion

Hindi:

आवर्त सारणी chemistry का backbone है और इसे समझना exams के लिए अत्यंत आवश्यक है।

English:

The periodic table is the backbone of chemistry and essential for exams.

Revision Quiz
Finished reading? Test what you remember without leaving this page.
Generate a short bilingual quiz from this article.
⌨ Vitorr Typing Master Pro

Earn a verifiable online typing certificate

Turn reading into typing practice. Learn from single keys to words, sentences and paragraphs, practice with real Vitorr articles, pass the recorded final assessment, and become eligible for a Vitorr Classes typing certificate you can verify online and share anywhere. Certificate issue requires genuine performance, payment confirmation and Admin approval.

Keep your momentum going

Reading is only step one. Practice the topic, ask AI about anything unclear, or continue with more study material.