Central Nervous System / केंद्रीय तंत्रिका तंत्र
The source describes the brain as the organizing and processing center of the body and as the site of consciousness, sensation, memory and intelligence.
Brain body का organizing तथा processing center है। यह consciousness, sensation, memory और intelligence से related major organ है।
The source states that the brain receives impulses from the spinal cord and 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
Source के अनुसार Brain spinal cord तथा 12 pairs of cranial nerves से impulses receive करता है।
Major Divisions of Brain / मस्तिष्क के प्रमुख भाग
- Forebrain / अग्र मस्तिष्क
- Midbrain / मध्य मस्तिष्क
- Hindbrain / पश्च मस्तिष्क
Forebrain / अग्र मस्तिष्क
Olfactory Region
Function: Smell / गंध
Cerebrum / सेरिब्रम
The source associates the cerebrum with thinking, intelligence, memory, learning from experience, will power, skilled work, reasoning, knowledge, consciousness and speech.
Cerebrum thinking, intelligence, memory, reasoning, consciousness तथा speech जैसे higher functions से related है।
Diencephalon
The source associates it with sensations of heat, cold and pain and with autonomic functions involving hunger, thirst, sweating and sleeping.
Hypothalamus / हाइपोथैलेमस
The source states that the hypothalamus regulates body temperature and therefore calls it the thermostat of the body.
Hypothalamus = Thermostat of Body
The source also associates it with appetite, emotions and metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and water.
Midbrain and Hindbrain / मध्य एवं पश्च मस्तिष्क
The source describes this region in connection with reflex centers of visual and auditory sensation.
Cerebellum / सेरिबेलम
Cerebellum is associated in the source with involuntary muscular coordination and maintenance of posture, orientation and equilibrium.
Cerebellum muscular coordination, posture तथा body equilibrium maintain करने से related है।
Medulla Oblongata / मेडुला ऑब्लोंगाटा
The source lists regulation of heart rate, involuntary breathing, respiratory activity, blood pressure, gut peristalsis, swallowing, vomiting and gland secretion among its functions.
High-Yield Exam Facts / महत्वपूर्ण परीक्षा तथ्य
- Cerebrum → Thinking, intelligence and memory
- Hypothalamus → Body temperature; thermostat of body
- Cerebellum → Balance, posture and muscular coordination
- Medulla Oblongata → Heart rate and involuntary breathing
- Cranial nerves mentioned → 12 pairs