Computer Memory / कंप्यूटर मेमोरी
Memory stores raw data, processed data, instructions and information inside a computer. Questions on RAM, ROM, primary memory, secondary memory and different forms of ROM are common in competitive examinations.
Computer Memory raw data, processed data, instructions तथा information को store करती है। RAM, ROM, Primary Memory, Secondary Memory तथा ROM के different types competitive exams के important topics हैं।
Primary Memory / प्राथमिक मेमोरी
The source states that primary memory stores data that is currently being used by the computer.
Source के अनुसार Primary Memory computer द्वारा currently used data को store करती है।
RAM – Random Access Memory
RAM is described as volatile memory and temporary storage.
RAM का full form Random Access Memory है। यह Volatile Memory है अर्थात power supply बंद होने पर stored data lose हो सकता है। Source इसे temporary storage बताता है।
Types of RAM / RAM के प्रकार
- DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory
- SRAM: Static Random Access Memory
ROM – Read Only Memory
The source describes ROM as non-volatile memory where logical data is stored and cannot ordinarily be changed.
ROM का full form Read Only Memory है। Source इसे Non-Volatile Memory बताता है।
Types of ROM / ROM के प्रकार
- PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory
- EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
- EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
RAM vs ROM / RAM और ROM में अंतर
- RAM → Volatile / अस्थायी
- ROM → Non-volatile / स्थायी प्रकृति
- RAM → Temporary storage
- ROM → Read-only type storage in source description
Secondary Memory / द्वितीयक मेमोरी
Secondary Memory stores data, programs, instructions and information permanently according to the source.
Secondary Memory data, programs, instructions तथा information को comparatively permanent basis पर store करती है।
Hardware / हार्डवेयर
Hardware consists of the physical parts or peripheral devices of a computer that can be seen and touched.
Computer के वे physical components जिन्हें देखा और छुआ जा सकता है Hardware कहलाते हैं।
Hardware Categories / हार्डवेयर की श्रेणियाँ
- Input Devices
- Output Devices
- Storage Devices
- Processing Devices
Software / सॉफ्टवेयर
Software is a set of instructions that directs a computer to process information.
Software instructions का set है जो computer को information process करने के लिए direct करता है।
Types of Software / सॉफ्टवेयर के प्रकार
- System Software / सिस्टम सॉफ्टवेयर
- Application Software / एप्लिकेशन सॉफ्टवेयर
Hardware vs Software / हार्डवेयर एवं सॉफ्टवेयर
Hardware is physical and tangible, while software consists of instructions and programs.
Hardware physical तथा tangible होता है, जबकि Software programs और instructions का collection है।
Exam-Oriented Revision / परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
- RAM → Volatile Memory
- ROM → Non-volatile Memory
- DRAM → Dynamic RAM
- SRAM → Static RAM
- PROM → Programmable ROM
- EPROM → Erasable Programmable ROM
- EEPROM → Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM
- Physical computer components → Hardware
- Instructions/programs → Software