Angola | अंगोला
Why in News?
Angola came into focus in the context of high-level engagement between India and the southwestern African country, drawing attention to its geography, natural resources and strategic importance.
Location
Angola is located on the southwestern Atlantic coast of Africa.
Boundaries
- North and Northeast: Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- East: Zambia.
- South: Namibia.
- West: Atlantic Ocean.
- The separated Cabinda exclave lies between the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Capital
Luanda is the capital and largest city of Angola. It is located on the Atlantic coast and serves as the country's principal economic and administrative centre.
Major Rivers
Important rivers include the Cuanza or Kwanza and the Cuango. Rivers are significant for hydropower, agriculture and inland economic activities.
Kalandula Falls
Kalandula Falls is a major waterfall on the Lucala River and is among Angola's best-known physical-geography features.
Highest Point
Mount Moco is the highest mountain in Angola.
Benguela Current
The Benguela Current is a cold ocean current flowing northward along southwestern Africa. It significantly influences Angola's coastal climate. Therefore, describing the Benguela Current as a hot current is incorrect.
Climate
Angola has a predominantly tropical climate with a marked dry season. Coastal conditions are moderated by the cold Benguela Current, while elevation produces climatic variation in the interior.
Natural Resources
Angola possesses significant petroleum and diamond resources. Other mineral resources include iron ore, phosphates, copper, gold, bauxite and uranium.
Oil Economy
Petroleum has historically been central to Angola's exports and government revenue, making global oil prices particularly important for the country's economy.
India-Angola Relations
India and Angola maintain relations in areas including energy, trade, defence cooperation, capacity building and development partnership. Angola's petroleum resources make energy an important component of bilateral economic relations.
Important Dates
- 11 November 1975: Angola achieved independence from Portugal.
- 1976: Angola joined the United Nations.
- 2002: The long Angolan civil war ended.
- 2025: High-level India-Angola engagement renewed attention on bilateral relations.
अंगोला | हिंदी में विस्तृत विवरण
स्थान
अंगोला अफ्रीका के दक्षिण-पश्चिमी अटलांटिक तट पर स्थित देश है।
सीमाएँ
इसके उत्तर और उत्तर-पूर्व में Democratic Republic of the Congo, पूर्व में Zambia, दक्षिण में Namibia और पश्चिम में Atlantic Ocean स्थित है। Cabinda नामक इसका एक अलग भूभाग भी है।
राजधानी
Luanda अंगोला की राजधानी और सबसे बड़ा शहर है।
भौगोलिक विशेषताएँ
Cuanza और Cuango इसकी महत्वपूर्ण नदियाँ हैं। Mount Moco देश की सबसे ऊँची चोटी है और Kalandula Falls प्रमुख जलप्रपात है।
Benguela Current
Benguela Current एक ठंडी महासागरीय धारा है जो दक्षिण-पश्चिम अफ्रीकी तट के साथ उत्तर की ओर बहती है। इसका अंगोला के तटीय climate पर महत्वपूर्ण प्रभाव पड़ता है। इसलिए इसे गर्म महासागरीय धारा कहना गलत है।
प्राकृतिक संसाधन
अंगोला petroleum और diamonds का महत्वपूर्ण उत्पादक है। यहाँ iron ore, copper, phosphates, gold, bauxite और uranium जैसे संसाधन भी पाए जाते हैं।
महत्वपूर्ण तिथियाँ
- 11 नवंबर 1975: Portugal से स्वतंत्रता।
- 1976: United Nations की सदस्यता।
- 2002: लंबे civil war का अंत।