Important Computer Scientists / प्रमुख कंप्यूटर वैज्ञानिक
The history of computing contains several scientist–invention and scientist–concept relationships that repeatedly appear in objective examinations. Instead of memorising isolated facts, candidates should connect each personality with the contribution for which that person is best known.
Computer history में कई scientist–invention तथा scientist–concept relationships हैं जिनसे objective examinations में बार-बार प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं। केवल नाम याद करने के बजाय प्रत्येक व्यक्ति को उसके प्रमुख contribution के साथ जोड़कर याद करना अधिक उपयोगी है।
Charles Babbage
Charles Babbage is known as the Father of Computer. His Difference Engine and proposed Analytical Engine occupy an important place in computing history. The Analytical Engine incorporated concepts resembling processing, memory and control mechanisms.
Charles Babbage को Father of Computer कहा जाता है। उनके Difference Engine और प्रस्तावित Analytical Engine का computer history में विशेष महत्व है। Analytical Engine में processing, memory और control से मिलती-जुलती अवधारणाएँ मौजूद थीं।
Ada Lovelace
Ada Lovelace worked on ideas connected with Babbage's Analytical Engine. She is commonly recognised as the first computer programmer because of her description of an algorithm intended for the machine.
Ada Lovelace का कार्य Babbage के Analytical Engine से संबंधित था। Machine के लिए algorithm के वर्णन के कारण उन्हें सामान्यतः first computer programmer माना जाता है।
John von Neumann
John von Neumann is associated with computer architecture and the stored-program concept. In the stored-program model, program instructions and data can reside in memory, an idea fundamental to general-purpose computing.
John von Neumann का संबंध computer architecture और stored-program concept से है। Stored-program model में program instructions और data memory में रखे जा सकते हैं। यह general-purpose computing की आधारभूत अवधारणा है।
Alan Turing
Alan Turing made foundational contributions to theoretical computer science. The concept known as the Turing Machine became highly influential in explaining computation theoretically.
Alan Turing ने theoretical computer science के विकास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया। Turing Machine की अवधारणा computation को सैद्धांतिक रूप से समझने में अत्यंत प्रभावशाली रही।
Grace Hopper
Grace Hopper was an important pioneer in programming and compiler development. COBOL is strongly associated with her work and influence in the history of programming languages.
Grace Hopper programming और compiler development की प्रमुख pioneers में से एक थीं। Programming-language history में COBOL के विकास और प्रसार के संदर्भ में उनका नाम महत्वपूर्ण है।
Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee is known as the inventor of the World Wide Web. Students must distinguish the World Wide Web from the Internet: the Web is a service operating over Internet infrastructure rather than another name for the Internet itself.
Tim Berners-Lee को World Wide Web का inventor माना जाता है। विद्यार्थियों को World Wide Web और Internet के बीच अंतर समझना चाहिए। Web, Internet infrastructure पर उपलब्ध एक service है; दोनों शब्द समान अर्थ वाले नहीं हैं।
Exam Revision / परीक्षा पुनरावृत्ति
Babbage—Father of Computer; Ada Lovelace—First Programmer; von Neumann—Stored-program architecture; Alan Turing—Theoretical computing; Grace Hopper—Programming/compiler pioneer; Tim Berners-Lee—World Wide Web. Such pair-based facts are particularly important for one-day competitive examinations.
Babbage—Father of Computer; Ada Lovelace—First Programmer; von Neumann—Stored-program architecture; Alan Turing—Theoretical computing; Grace Hopper—Programming/compiler pioneer; Tim Berners-Lee—World Wide Web। ऐसे pair-based facts प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं में विशेष रूप से महत्वपूर्ण हैं।