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Indian Parliament – Structure, Functions, Powers (Complete Notes 2026)

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🟡 Introduction (परिचय)

Hindi:

भारतीय संसद (Indian Parliament) देश की सर्वोच्च विधायी संस्था है, जो कानून बनाने का कार्य करती है। यह SSC, Railway, UPSC exams में सबसे महत्वपूर्ण topics में से एक है।

English:

The Indian Parliament is the supreme legislative body of the country, responsible for making laws. It is one of the most important topics for competitive exams.

🟡 What is Parliament? (संसद क्या है?)

Hindi:

संसद वह संस्था है जो देश के लिए कानून बनाती है और सरकार पर नियंत्रण रखती है।

English:

Parliament is the institution that makes laws and controls the government.

🟡 Structure of Parliament (संसद की संरचना)

भारत की संसद तीन भागों से मिलकर बनी है:

  1. President of India
  2. Lok Sabha
  3. Rajya Sabha

🟡 Lok Sabha (लोकसभा)

Hindi:

लोकसभा को House of the People कहा जाता है।

English:

Lok Sabha is known as the House of the People.

🔹 Key Points:

Hindi:

  • अधिकतम सदस्य: 552
  • वर्तमान सदस्य: 543
  • कार्यकाल: 5 वर्ष

English:

  • Maximum strength: 552
  • Present strength: 543
  • Term: 5 years

🟡 Rajya Sabha (राज्यसभा)

Hindi:

राज्यसभा को Council of States कहा जाता है।

English:

Rajya Sabha is called the Council of States.

🔹 Key Points:

Hindi:

  • अधिकतम सदस्य: 250
  • यह स्थायी सदन है
  • हर 2 वर्ष में 1/3 सदस्य सेवानिवृत्त होते हैं

English:

  • Maximum strength: 250
  • It is a permanent house
  • 1/3 members retire every 2 years

🟡 Powers of Parliament (संसद की शक्तियां)

1️⃣ Legislative Powers (विधायी शक्ति)

Hindi:

  • कानून बनाना
  • संविधान में संशोधन करना

English:

  • Makes laws
  • Amends the Constitution

2️⃣ Financial Powers (वित्तीय शक्ति)

Hindi:

  • बजट पास करना
  • टैक्स लगाना

English:

  • Passes budget
  • Imposes taxes

3️⃣ Executive Control (कार्यपालिका पर नियंत्रण)

Hindi:

  • सरकार को जवाबदेह बनाना
  • प्रश्नकाल और अविश्वास प्रस्ताव

English:

  • Holds government accountable
  • Question Hour and No Confidence Motion

🟡 Important Articles (महत्वपूर्ण अनुच्छेद)

  • Article 79 – Parliament
  • Article 80 – Rajya Sabha
  • Article 81 – Lok Sabha

🟡 Important Facts (महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य)

Hindi:

  • संसद तीन भागों से मिलकर बनी है
  • लोकसभा अधिक शक्तिशाली है
  • राज्यसभा स्थायी सदन है

English:

  • Parliament has three parts
  • Lok Sabha is more powerful
  • Rajya Sabha is permanent

🟡 Most Expected Questions (Expected MCQs)

Q1. संसद कितने भागों से मिलकर बनी है?

👉 3

Q2. स्थायी सदन कौन है?

👉 Rajya Sabha

Q3. बजट कौन पास करता है?

👉 Parliament

🟡 Conclusion (निष्कर्ष)

Hindi:

भारतीय संसद लोकतंत्र की रीढ़ है और देश की नीतियों और कानूनों को निर्धारित करती है।

English:

The Indian Parliament is the backbone of democracy and shapes the laws and policies of the country.

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