Framing of the Indian Constitution / भारतीय संविधान का निर्माण
The source begins Indian Polity with the framing and enactment of the Constitution. This section is crucial for competitive examinations because dates, committees, chairpersons, membership and constitutional milestones are frequently tested.
स्रोत Indian Polity की शुरुआत Constitution के framing और enactment से करता है। Dates, committees, chairpersons, membership और constitutional milestones competitive examinations में frequently asked facts हैं।
Idea of a Constituent Assembly / संविधान सभा का विचार
The source states that the idea of having a Constitution was first given by M.N. Roy, described as a pioneer of the Communist Movement in India.
स्रोत के अनुसार Constitution का idea सबसे पहले M.N. Roy ने दिया, जिन्हें book Communist Movement in India का pioneer बताती है।
Formation of Constituent Assembly / संविधान सभा का गठन
The Constituent Assembly of India was set up on 16 May 1946 in accordance with the Cabinet Mission Plan.
Constituent Assembly of India की स्थापना 16 May 1946 को Cabinet Mission Plan के अनुसार हुई।
Sachchidanand Sinha initially chaired the Assembly according to the source.
स्रोत के अनुसार Sachchidanand Sinha इसके initial chairman थे।
President and Vice-President / अध्यक्ष एवं उपाध्यक्ष
Dr Rajendra Prasad and H.C. Mukherjee were elected President and Vice-President respectively on 11 December 1946.
11 December 1946 को Dr Rajendra Prasad President और H.C. Mukherjee Vice-President चुने गए।
Constitutional Advisor / संवैधानिक सलाहकार
B.N. Rau was appointed Constitutional Advisor.
B.N. Rau को Constitutional Advisor नियुक्त किया गया।
Membership of Constituent Assembly / संविधान सभा की सदस्य संख्या
The total membership was 389 according to the source.
- 292 → Representatives of British States
- 93 → Representatives of Princely States
- 4 → Chief Commissioners' Provinces: Delhi, Ajmer-Merwara, Coorg and British Baluchistan
स्रोत total membership 389 देता है, जिसमें 292 British States, 93 Princely States तथा 4 Chief Commissioners' Provinces के representatives शामिल थे।
Drafting Committee / प्रारूप समिति
Dr B.R. Ambedkar was Chairman of the Drafting Committee. The source also calls him the Father of the Indian Constitution.
Dr B.R. Ambedkar Drafting Committee के Chairman थे। स्रोत उन्हें Father of the Indian Constitution भी कहता है।
Time Taken to Frame Constitution / संविधान निर्माण में लगा समय
The Constituent Assembly took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days to complete the Constitution.
Constitution complete करने में Constituent Assembly को 2 years, 11 months और 18 days लगे।
Adoption of Constitution / संविधान का अंगीकरण
The Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949.
Constitution 26 November 1949 को adopt किया गया।
At adoption, the source states that it contained a Preamble, 395 Articles divided into 22 Parts and 8 Schedules.
Adoption के समय source के अनुसार Constitution में Preamble, 395 Articles, 22 Parts तथा 8 Schedules थे।
Enforcement of Constitution / संविधान लागू होना
The Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, celebrated as Republic Day.
Constitution 26 January 1950 को लागू हुआ और यह Republic Day के रूप में जाना जाता है।
The source connects the choice of 26 January with the Purna Swaraj demand of the Congress at the Lahore Session under Jawaharlal Nehru.
स्रोत 26 January की choice को Lahore Session में Jawaharlal Nehru की chairmanship में Congress की Purna Swaraj demand से जोड़ता है।
National Flag / राष्ट्रीय ध्वज
The Constituent Assembly adopted the National Flag on 22 July 1947. The source credits its design to Pingali Venkayya.
Constituent Assembly ने National Flag 22 July 1947 को adopt किया। स्रोत इसका design Pingali Venkayya से जोड़ता है।
Interim Government, 1946 / अंतरिम सरकार, 1946
- Jawaharlal Nehru → External Affairs and Commonwealth Relations
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel → Home, Information and Broadcasting
- Dr Rajendra Prasad → Food and Agriculture
- Dr John Mathai → Industries and Supplies
- Jagjivan Ram → Labour
- Sardar Baldev Singh → Defence
- C.H. Bhabha → Works, Mines and Power
- Liaquat Ali Khan → Finance
- Abdur Rab Nishtar → Posts and Air
- Asaf Ali → Railways and Transport
- C. Rajagopalachari → Education and Arts
- I.I. Chundrigar → Commerce
- Ghaznafar Ali Khan → Health
- Joginder Nath Mandal → Law
The source notes that the Interim Government was formed from the newly elected Constituent Assembly.
Quick Revision / त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति
- Idea of Constitution → M.N. Roy
- Constituent Assembly → 16 May 1946
- Initial Chairman → Sachchidanand Sinha
- President → Dr Rajendra Prasad
- Vice-President → H.C. Mukherjee
- Constitutional Advisor → B.N. Rau
- Total membership → 389
- Drafting Committee Chairman → Dr B.R. Ambedkar
- Time → 2 years, 11 months, 18 days
- Adopted → 26 November 1949
- Enforced → 26 January 1950
- National Flag adopted → 22 July 1947