Rocks / चट्टानें
Rocks are composed of individual substances called minerals, which are mostly found in the solid state.
Rocks अर्थात चट्टानें minerals नामक individual substances से बनी होती हैं, जो mostly solid state में पाए जाते हैं।
The source classifies rocks into three major types: Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic.
स्रोत rocks को तीन major types में classify करता है—Igneous, Sedimentary और Metamorphic।
Igneous Rocks / आग्नेय चट्टानें
Igneous rocks are formed by solidification of molten magma.
Igneous rocks molten magma के solidification से बनती हैं।
Examples listed in the source include Mica and Granite.
स्रोत examples में Mica और Granite देता है।
Sedimentary Rocks / अवसादी चट्टानें
Sedimentary rocks are formed through accumulation of rock particles and organic matter in layers under tremendous pressure.
Sedimentary rocks rock particles और organic matter के layers में accumulation तथा pressure के कारण बनती हैं।
Examples listed include Gravel, Peat and Gypsum.
Examples → Gravel, Peat और Gypsum।
Metamorphic Rocks / कायांतरित चट्टानें
Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks that were later changed by heat, pressure or the action of water.
Metamorphic rocks originally igneous या sedimentary होती हैं लेकिन बाद में heat, pressure या water action से बदल जाती हैं।
Examples in the source include Gneiss, Marble and Quartzite.
Examples → Gneiss, Marble और Quartzite।
Original Rock to Metamorphic Rock / मूल चट्टान से कायांतरित चट्टान
- Granite → Gneiss
- Basalt → Green-stone
- Limestone → Marble
- Coal → Graphite and Coal, as listed in source
- Sandstone → Quartzite
- Shale/Clay → Slate, Mica, Schist
Weathering / अपक्षय
Weathering is the process by which rocks are chemically or physically disintegrated into fragments.
Weathering वह process है जिसमें rocks chemical या physical processes द्वारा छोटे fragments में disintegrate होती हैं।
Exam-Oriented Revision / परीक्षा उपयोगी पुनरावृत्ति
- Three rock types → Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
- Igneous → Solidified magma
- Sedimentary → Layered accumulation
- Metamorphic → Changed by heat, pressure or water
- Granite → Gneiss
- Limestone → Marble
- Sandstone → Quartzite
- Shale/Clay → Slate
- Weathering → Chemical or physical disintegration of rocks