Planning Commission, NITI Aayog, NDC and Finance Commission / योजना आयोग, नीति आयोग, NDC एवं वित्त आयोग
The source groups together several institutions that played important roles in planning, Centre-State coordination and fiscal federalism. Competitive examinations often test whether an institution is constitutional, statutory or extra-constitutional, who heads it and what its principal functions are.
Source planning, Centre-State coordination और fiscal federalism से संबंधित कई institutions को explain करता है। Competitive exams में इनके nature, chairperson, establishment तथा functions frequently पूछे जाते हैं।
Planning Commission / योजना आयोग
The Planning Commission was established in March 1950 through an executive resolution of the Government of India or Union Cabinet.
Planning Commission की स्थापना March 1950 में Government of India की executive resolution द्वारा हुई।
The source connects its establishment with the recommendation of the Advisory Planning Board constituted in 1946 under K.C. Neogi.
Source इसके establishment को 1946 में K.C. Neogi की chairmanship में constituted Advisory Planning Board की recommendation से जोड़ता है।
The Planning Commission was later replaced by NITI Aayog.
Planning Commission को बाद में NITI Aayog ने replace किया।
NITI Aayog / नीति आयोग
NITI Aayog stands for National Institution for Transforming India Aayog. The source describes it as the policy think-tank of the Union Government that replaced the Planning Commission.
NITI Aayog का full form National Institution for Transforming India Aayog है। Source इसे Union Government का policy think-tank बताता है जिसने Planning Commission को replace किया।
Main Purpose / मुख्य उद्देश्य
Its purpose is to involve States in economic policy-making and provide strategic and technical advice to Central and State Governments.
इसका objective States को economic policy-making में involve करना तथा Central और State Governments को strategic और technical advice देना है।
Chairperson / अध्यक्ष
The Prime Minister of India heads NITI Aayog as its Chairperson.
Prime Minister, NITI Aayog के Chairperson होते हैं।
National Development Council / राष्ट्रीय विकास परिषद
The National Development Council was formed in 1952 to associate States with the formulation of national plans.
National Development Council अर्थात NDC की स्थापना 1952 में States को national plan formulation से associate करने के लिए हुई।
Functions / कार्य
The source states that NDC reviewed the working of the national plan.
Source के अनुसार NDC national plans के working की review करती थी।
The Prime Minister is the ex-officio Chairman. The source calls NDC an extra-constitutional and extra-legal body.
Prime Minister इसके ex-officio Chairman होते हैं। Source NDC को extra-constitutional और extra-legal body बताता है।
Finance Commission / वित्त आयोग
Article 280 provides for a Finance Commission. The source describes it as a quasi-judicial body constituted by the President every fifth year.
Article 280 Finance Commission की व्यवस्था करता है। Source इसे quasi-judicial body बताता है जिसे President every fifth year constitute करता है।
Composition / संरचना
The Commission consists of a Chairman and four other members.
Finance Commission में एक Chairman और four other members होते हैं।
Major Function / प्रमुख कार्य
It recommends distribution of net proceeds of taxes between Centre and States and allocation among States of their respective shares.
Finance Commission Centre और States के बीच net proceeds of taxes के distribution तथा States के respective shares के allocation पर recommendations देती है।
15th Finance Commission in the Source / स्रोत में 15वाँ वित्त आयोग
The source states that the 15th Finance Commission was appointed under the chairmanship of N.K. Singh. This is reproduced as book-based context.
Source 15th Finance Commission को N.K. Singh की chairmanship से जोड़ता है।
Comparison for Exams / परीक्षा हेतु तुलना
- Planning Commission → Executive resolution → 1950
- NITI Aayog → Policy think-tank → PM as Chairperson
- NDC → 1952 → Extra-constitutional
- Finance Commission → Article 280 → Constitutional body
- Finance Commission → President constitutes every fifth year