What is a Pronoun? / Pronoun क्या है?
A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.
Pronoun वह शब्द है जिसका प्रयोग Noun के स्थान पर किया जाता है।
Example:
Riya is a student. She studies regularly.
Here “She” replaces “Riya”.
यहाँ “She”, “Riya” के स्थान पर प्रयोग हुआ है।
Types of Pronouns / Pronoun के प्रकार
1. Personal Pronouns / पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम
I, we, you, he, she, it, they
Object forms:
me, us, you, him, her, it, them
Subject and Object Forms
Subject और Object Forms
Correct:
He called me.
Not:
Him called I.
2. Possessive Pronouns / अधिकारवाचक सर्वनाम
mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs
These stand independently.
ये अकेले प्रयुक्त हो सकते हैं।
Example:
This book is mine.
Possessive Adjectives / Possessive Determiners
my, our, your, his, her, its, their
Example:
This is my book.
3. Reflexive Pronouns / निजवाचक सर्वनाम
myself
ourselves
yourself / yourselves
himself
herself
itself
themselves
Use when the subject and object refer to the same person or thing.
जब Subject और Object एक ही व्यक्ति या वस्तु हों।
Example:
He hurt himself.
Emphatic Pronouns / जोर देने वाले Pronouns
The same forms may be used for emphasis.
इन्हीं रूपों का प्रयोग जोर देने के लिए भी होता है।
I myself completed the work.
मैंने स्वयं कार्य पूरा किया।
Important Error Rule
महत्वपूर्ण त्रुटि नियम
Do not use reflexive pronouns unnecessarily.
Reflexive Pronoun का अनावश्यक प्रयोग न करें।
Incorrect:
Myself Rahul.
Correct:
I am Rahul.
4. Demonstrative Pronouns / संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम
this, that, these, those
Examples:
This is mine.
Those are yours.
5. Interrogative Pronouns / प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
who, whom, whose, which, what
Who vs Whom / Who और Whom
Who generally functions as a subject.
Whom generally functions as an object.
Example:
Who called you?
Whom did you call?
6. Relative Pronouns / संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम
who, whom, whose, which, that
Example:
The boy who won the race is my brother.
Who / Which / That
Who → persons / व्यक्तियों के लिए
Which → things/animals in many contexts / वस्तुओं के लिए
That → persons or things in restrictive clauses / व्यक्तियों या वस्तुओं दोनों के लिए कई स्थितियों में
7. Indefinite Pronouns / अनिश्चित सर्वनाम
someone
anyone
everyone
nobody
each
either
neither
Many of these take singular verbs in standard exam grammar.
इनमें से कई के साथ सामान्यतः Singular Verb आता है।
Each of / Either of / Neither of
Each of the boys is ready.
Neither of the answers is correct.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Pronoun और Antecedent Agreement
The pronoun should agree logically with the noun it refers to.
Pronoun का प्रयोग उस Noun के अनुसार होना चाहिए जिसका वह स्थान ले रहा है।
Traditional exam grammar often expects:
Every student must bring his or her admit card.
Modern English frequently accepts singular they:
Every student must bring their admit card.
For SSC-style grammar, follow the sentence structure and options carefully.
SSC शैली के प्रश्नों में दिए गए विकल्पों और पारंपरिक व्याकरण नियमों के अनुसार उत्तर चुनें।
One / One's
Correct:
One should do one's duty.
एक व्यक्ति को अपना कर्तव्य करना चाहिए।
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