Governor / राज्यपाल
Part VI of the Constitution deals with States from Articles 152 to 237. The Governor is the constitutional head of a State.
Constitution का Part VI, Articles 152-237 States से संबंधित है। Governor State का constitutional head होता है।
Appointment and Tenure / नियुक्ति एवं कार्यकाल
Article 153 provides for a Governor and allows the same person to act as Governor of more than one State. The Governor is appointed by the President under Article 155 and holds office during the pleasure of the President under Article 156.
Powers of Governor / राज्यपाल की शक्तियाँ
- Article 161: Power to grant pardons, reprieves and remission in cases under State law.
- Article 163: Discretionary powers of the Governor.
- Article 171: Nomination of certain members to Legislative Council from literature, science, art, cooperative movement and social service.
- Article 213: Power to promulgate Ordinances during recess of State Legislature.
Qualifications / योग्यताएँ
- Citizen of India.
- Completed 35 years of age.
- Must not be a member of Parliament or State Legislature.
- Must not hold an office of profit.
State Legislature / राज्य विधानमंडल
The source highlights Articles 163, 165 and 169 in relation to the State Government.
- Article 163 → Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor.
- Article 165 → Advocate General for each State.
- Article 169 → Creation or abolition of Legislative Councils.
States with Legislative Councils / विधान परिषद वाले राज्य
The source lists six States: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Telangana.
Legislative Assembly / विधानसभा
Members are directly elected by the people. The source states that the strength generally varies from 60 to 500, while certain smaller States and Puducherry have fewer than 60 members.
Legislative Council / विधान परिषद
Members are indirectly elected. The maximum strength is one-third of the total strength of the Legislative Assembly and the minimum strength is 40 according to the source.
Quick Revision / त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति
- Governor → Article 153
- Appointment → Article 155
- Tenure at pleasure of President → Article 156
- Pardon → Article 161
- Discretionary powers → Article 163
- Ordinance → Article 213
- Creation/abolition of Legislative Council → Article 169
- Legislative Council maximum → One-third of Assembly
- Legislative Council minimum → 40