Parliament of India / भारतीय संसद
Article 79 states that the Union Legislature is called Parliament and consists of the President, Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.
Article 79 के अनुसार Union Legislature को Parliament कहा जाता है और इसमें President, Rajya Sabha तथा Lok Sabha शामिल हैं।
Languages of Parliament / संसद की भाषाएँ
Business of Parliament is transacted in Hindi or English. Presiding Officers may permit a member to address the House in the member's mother tongue.
Rajya Sabha / राज्यसभा
Rajya Sabha is the Upper House or Council of States. Its first sitting was held on 3 April 1952.
Rajya Sabha Parliament का Upper House है। इसकी first sitting 3 April 1952 को हुई।
Strength / सदस्य संख्या
The source gives a maximum permissible strength of 250: 238 elected indirectly from States and Union Territories and 12 nominated by the President under Article 80.
Article 80 के तहत maximum permissible strength 250 बताई गई है, जिसमें 238 indirectly elected और 12 nominated members होते हैं।
Permanent House / स्थायी सदन
Rajya Sabha is a permanent House and is not subject to dissolution. Members have a six-year term and one-third retire every two years under Article 83.
Rajya Sabha permanent House है। Members का tenure 6 years है और one-third members हर 2 years retire होते हैं।
Lok Sabha / लोकसभा
Lok Sabha is the Lower House or House of the People. Its first sitting was held on 13 May 1952 according to the source.
Sessions / सत्र
- Budget Session → February to May
- Monsoon Session → July to September
- Winter Session → November to December
Qualifications for Membership / सदस्यता की योग्यता
Article 84 provides qualifications. A person must be an Indian citizen, at least 25 years old for Lok Sabha and 30 years old for Rajya Sabha, and possess other qualifications prescribed by Parliament.
Article 84 के अनुसार minimum age Lok Sabha के लिए 25 years और Rajya Sabha के लिए 30 years है।
Types of Bills / विधेयकों के प्रकार
- Ordinary Bills
- Money Bills
- Financial Bills
- Constitutional Amendment Bills
Ordinary Bill vs Money Bill / साधारण एवं धन विधेयक
An Ordinary Bill can be introduced in either House, but a Money Bill can be introduced only in Lok Sabha.
Ordinary Bill किसी भी House में introduce हो सकता है, जबकि Money Bill केवल Lok Sabha में introduce किया जा सकता है।
After passage by Lok Sabha, a Money Bill is sent to Rajya Sabha, which gets 14 days to make recommendations. Lok Sabha may accept or reject those recommendations.
Lok Sabha से pass होने के बाद Money Bill Rajya Sabha को भेजा जाता है। Rajya Sabha के पास recommendations के लिए 14 days होते हैं।
The source states under Article 111 that the President cannot return a Money Bill for reconsideration.
Speaker of Lok Sabha / लोकसभा अध्यक्ष
The Speaker is elected from among Lok Sabha members and conducts the business of the House. A Deputy Speaker functions in the Speaker's absence.
Speaker Pro-tem / प्रोटेम स्पीकर
After formation of a new Lok Sabha, the President appoints a Speaker Pro-tem, generally the senior-most member, until the House elects a Speaker.
Important Speaker Facts / लोकसभा अध्यक्ष से जुड़े तथ्य
- First Speaker → G.V. Mavlankar, 1952-1956.
- First Deputy Speaker → M.A. Ayyangar, 1952-1956.
- Longest-serving Speaker in source → Dr Balram Jakhar, 1980-1989.
- First Speaker to die in office → G.M.C. Balayogi, 1998-2002.
- First woman Speaker → Meira Kumar, 2009-2013.
High-Yield Revision / महत्वपूर्ण पुनरावृत्ति
- Parliament → Article 79
- Rajya Sabha maximum → 250
- Nominated Rajya Sabha members → 12
- Rajya Sabha → Permanent House
- Rajya Sabha term → 6 years
- Lok Sabha minimum age → 25
- Rajya Sabha minimum age → 30
- Money Bill → Only Lok Sabha
- Rajya Sabha time on Money Bill → 14 days
- First Lok Sabha Speaker → G.V. Mavlankar